Who are the Israeli Arabs? What kind of discrimination are they in their own country?

Global New News Desk -

Israeli Arabs have the right to vote, but many say they are discriminated against in the country's various administrative systems.

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict has become very violent and heated this week.

Israel has declared a state of emergency in the central city of Lod, near Tel Aviv, after days of fighting and unrest. Israel says Israeli Arabs are involved in riots there.

The riots have added a new dimension to the escalation of tensions between Israel and Palestine. This is the first time since 1978 that the Israeli government has imposed a state of emergency on the Arab community.

But who are these Israeli Arabs?

Israeli Arabs and their Jewish supporters protest together in April 2021 over the purchase of a residential building in Jaffa, near Tel Aviv.

It is generally said that Israel is a Jewish state, but there are also people who live in Israel who are not Jews.

Such as the minority Arab community in Israel, who are Palestinian by descent, but who are citizens of Israel.

The population of Israel is over ninety million. One-fifth, or about 1.9 million Israeli Arabs.

When the state of Israel was created in 1948, these Palestinians remained within the borders of the state of Israel.

About 6.5 million of them either fled Israel during the post-1948 war or were evicted from their homes.

Those who fled Israel settled in the West Bank and Gaza, near the border, or took refuge in various refugee camps in the area.

Those who remain inside Israel identify themselves as Israeli Arabs, Israeli Palestinians, or simply Palestinians.

The majority of Israeli Arabs are Muslims. But as in Palestinian society elsewhere, there are Christians among Israeli Arabs. Christians are the second largest group of Israeli Arabs.

Israeli Arabs have had the right to vote since the first elections in Israel on January 25, 1949. But they say they have been discriminated against in Israel's various administrative systems for decades.

Separate existence in society,

Doctors and nurses wear PPE protective clothing to provide medical care to patients in separate Kovid-19 wards

Jewish and Israeli Arab doctors work together to treat Kovid-19 patients hospitalized during the epidemic

The people of the Arab and Jewish communities in Israel often do not use the same place for public use. Although the coronavirus crisis has seen people from both communities work together in recent months.

This is especially true of health care systems. Where Jewish and Arab doctors worked together in the same hospital. Arab and Jewish patients have been treated in the same hospital.

20% of doctors, 20% of nurses and 50% of pharmacists are Israeli Arabs.

But nationally, it is difficult to find examples of Israeli Arabs and Jews working side by side.

For example, the military has a central role in Israeli society. It is compulsory for Jewish citizens to serve in the military at any time.

But that is not mandatory for Arabs.

Inequality,

Yakov, an Israeli, posted the video on social media in a Palestinian family garden in Sheikh Zara, East Jerusalem.

An Israeli settler posted a video claiming to own the home of a Palestinian family in Sheikh Zara, East Jerusalem, and it went viral on social media.

Arab Israelis say they face discrimination in many ways within their own country, which is rooted in the country's governance system. Several international human rights organizations also agree with this view.

Amnesty International says Israel has discriminated against Palestinians living in Israel at the institutional level.

A report by Human Rights Watch in April 2021 found that Israeli authorities discriminated against them. The report points out that the Israeli authorities' treatment of Palestinians of Israeli descent living in the West Bank and Gaza under Israeli occupation is a crime against humanity.

The Israeli Foreign Ministry rejected the report as "unrealistic and false."

Israeli Arabs say the government has a long history of seizing their land. Their allegation is that the Jewish authorities have been systematically discriminating against their community in the national budget.

What will be the reaction to the declaration of Israel as a Jewish state?

In Israel, for example, the provisions of the law to qualify for citizenship are in favor of the Jews. Jews have the right to an Israeli passport, regardless of where they come from or where they live.

But the Palestinians who have been expelled from Israel do not have that right.

The Israeli parliament passed a controversial 'nation-state law' in 2016. The law abolished the status of Arabic as one of the official languages ​​of the country. And declares that 'only the Jewish population' has the right to self-control at the national level.

At that time 'Jewish superiority When the law was passed, Ayman Oden, an Arab-Israeli member of parliament at the time, said Israeli Arabs were "second-class citizens" in the country forever.

Meanwhile, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has pledged to ensure civil rights. But he says "the decision is up to the majority."

Attacks between Palestinian and Israeli forces in the Gaza Strip have intensified. The United Nations fears the situation is heading for a "full-scale" war.

Israel says the Palestinian group Hamas has fired more than 1,000 rockets for 36 hours. They say most of the attacks have been on Tel Aviv.

Israel has also carried out destructive air strikes. Two high tower blocks in Gaza were destroyed in an Israeli attack on Tuesday.

Israeli Arabs have staged violent protests in several Israeli cities.

A state of emergency has been declared in the town of Lod, near Tel Aviv.

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has said he is "deeply concerned" about the ongoing violence.

Six Israelis have been killed and the health ministry in Gaza says a total of 53 people, including 14 children, have been killed and more than 300 injured in attacks there since Monday.

In the latest incident, an Israeli citizen died. A tank-destroyer missile fired from the northern part of the Gaza Strip hit a jeep in the border area, killing the man. Two more were injured.

The fighting erupted after weeks of tensions between Israeli police and Palestinian protesters in an area of ​​Jerusalem. The area is sacred to Muslims and Jews alike.

Ten questions that are at the root of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict.

Why the conflict over the place of prayer in Jerusalem?

Palestinian medics carry a wounded man on a stretcher to the Lions Gate in the Old City of Jerusalem.

Palestinian doctors say many Palestinians have been hospitalized since the clashes. Palestinian medics carry a wounded man on a stretcher to the Lions Gate in the Old City of Jerusalem.

'What is happening is unbelievable' in Gaza

The Israeli military says it is the deadliest exchange of fire between the two sides since 2014.

Of the 1,050 rockets and mortar shells fired from Gaza, 750 either landed inside Israel or were intercepted by Israel's Iron Dome air defense system. The remaining 200 did not cross the Gaza border and fell into Gaza, according to the Israeli military.

Video footage of the city shows rockets piercing the night sky. Some rockets have also been seen exploding in the skies hit by Israeli defense missiles.

As Palestinian missiles fired repeatedly to overwhelm Israel's missile defense system, the targets of Tel Aviv, Ashkelon, Madinah, and the southern city of Beersheba, as well as the sirens of the sirens, erupted.

Anna Ahronheim, a defense and security correspondent for the Jerusalem Post, told the BBC: "The sound of hundreds of Israeli defense strikes and rocket attacks around us was terrifying."

Jewish settlers to evict Palestinians from their homes in Jerusalem, sparking outrage among Palestinians

The rocket attacks intensified after Israel demolished two high-rise buildings in Gaza. Israel says it has targeted rocket launchers in Gaza. They say Hamas, the group that controls Gaza, is using tall buildings, residential buildings and office buildings to launch rockets.

Hamas said it was "angry that the enemy was targeting residential buildings."

People were told to leave the buildings before the militant airstrikes, but the health ministry says civilians have died since.

Gaza journalist Fadi Hanona posted a video on Twitter showing how a series of explosions took place in Gaza on Wednesday morning.

“What’s happening is incredible,” he says. "What we've experienced this morning has been worse than what we've been through in the last three wars."

Israel destroys missiles using its Iron Dome defense system to repel rockets fired from Gaza

Israel destroys missiles using its Iron Dome defense system to repel rockets fired at Israel from Gaza

The international community has called on both sides to reduce tensions. There is deep concern that the situation could spiral out of control.

Tor Weinsland, the UN envoy for the Middle East, said the situation on both sides was "heading towards full-scale war".

Secretary General Mr. Guterres called for "redoubling efforts to restore peace."

"Israel has a right to self-defense, but the Palestinian people also have a right to safety and security," said Ned Price, a State Department spokesman.

Israeli Defense Minister Beni Ganj said the Israeli attack had "just begun".

He said: "Terrorist organizations have been hit hard, and they will continue to be hit for deciding to attack Israel.

"In the long run Peace will be restored, ”he said.

Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh said in a televised speech that "if Israel wants to escalate the conflict, we are ready for it. And if they want to stop, we are ready for it."

Emergency,

Protests by Israeli Arabs in the Israeli city of Lod turned into full-scale riots. Protesters started throwing brick stones targeting the police and police raided Stan songs in response.

A 52-year-old father and his 16-year-old daughter were killed in the clash. They were killed when a rocket hit their car. The Israeli newspaper Haaretz reported that many more people had been injured in the clashes.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu declared a state of emergency in the city of Lod on Tuesday night. This is the first time since 1989 that the government has imposed an emergency law on the Arab community, according to the Times of Israel.

Mr. Netanyahu is there to call for peace in the city. He said he would impose a curfew if necessary.

Israeli media say synagogues and shops of Jewish places of worship in the city have been set on fire. Reuters reports that an Arab man got out of his car and threw stones at it.

"The situation there is out of control," the Times of Israel quoted the mayor as saying. "Civil war is raging in Lod," he said.

Flights from Ben Gurion Airport, Israel's main international airport, were temporarily suspended on Tuesday.

Dissatisfaction has spread to cities in Israel where large Arab populations live, as well as to East Jerusalem and the West Bank.

The BBC's Middle East analyst Jeremy Bowen says the situation has become more difficult and that Israel may consider sending troops to Gaza as a next step.

He says a ceasefire can now only come with outside intervention, perhaps with the best results if Egypt intervenes.

Mr. Bowen says 20 percent of Israelis are Arabs. Concerns are growing about communal violence and attacks on property in cities where Jews and Palestinians live side by side.

The reason behind the violence

The clashes between Israel and Hamas erupted after days of escalating violence between Palestinian and Israeli police at a sacred site on a hill in East Jerusalem.

This place is sacred to people of both Muslim and Jewish religions. To Muslims it is Haram al-Sharif and to Jews it is Temple Mount.

Hamas claims that Israel has removed police from there and from nearby Sheikh Zarah, a predominantly Arab city. From there, Jewish settlers want to evict Palestinian families.

Hamas started firing rockets when Israel ignored the ultimatum to stop the move.

The holy places of Jerusalem,

A series of clashes between Palestinians and police in East Jerusalem has led to growing anger and tension among Palestinians. Tensions have been running high since the start of Ramadan in mid-April.

The court's impending ruling on the fate of Sheikh Jarrah's few Palestinian families then fueled the anger.

The BBC's Jeremy Bowen in the Middle East says the conflict, which has been at the root of decades of conflict between the two sides, is still unresolved.

"Jerusalem is at the center of this year's conflict. The new round of conflicts has begun with a spate of police crackdowns during Ramadan and a controversial move to oust several Palestinian families through the courts," he said.

Doubts have long been raised among Palestinians that the Israeli right is determined to evict them from Jerusalem by deception, and that the decision to evict those families from Sheikh Zarah is part of that plot.

Ten key questions at the root of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict,

May 14, 2016 was another sad day in the bloody history of the Palestinians. The United States was opening its embassy in Jerusalem that day. And that day Gaza turned into a bloody desert. Palestinian officials estimate that 56 people were killed in Gaza that day by Israeli shelling. About three thousand more were injured. There have never been so many Palestinian casualties in a single day since the 2014 Gaza war.

That day was the 70th anniversary of the founding of the state of Israel. On this day in 1948, Israel was established. And for the Palestinians, the day is a day of 'Nakba' or disaster. Millions of Palestinians were evicted from their homes in Israel that day. Every year they observe this day as 'Nakba' day.

The move by the United States to move its embassy to Jerusalem is also seen as a controversial move. The move comes as the United States deviates from its long-standing policy and angers the Palestinians.

Protests against the Israeli attack on the Palestinians took place in many parts of the world. Protests in front of the Israeli embassy in the Argentine capital.

Protests against the Israeli attack on the Palestinians took place in many parts of the world. Protests in front of the Israeli embassy in the Argentine capital.

Palestinians think East Jerusalem will be the capital of their future state. Israel, on the other hand, wants to establish its control over the entire city of Jerusalem. The United States has moved its embassy to Jerusalem in support of the Israeli position. Palestinians.

The answers to the following ten questions can help Israelis and Palestinians understand this long eight-decade conflict:

1. How did this conflict start?

In the early twentieth century, Jews living in Europe were subjected to widespread persecution. From there the 'Zionism' or Zionist movement started. Their goal was to establish a state for Jews only outside Europe.

At that time Palestine or Palestine was under the Turkish Ottoman Empire. It is considered a holy land by people of all three religions - Muslim, Jewish and Christian.

The old part of the city of Jerusalem. There are ancient important sites of Muslim, Jewish and Christian religions.

The old part of the city of Jerusalem. There are ancient important sites of Muslim, Jewish and Christian religions.

Inspired by the Zionist movement, Jews from Europe began to settle in Palestine in groups. But their immigration created discontent among local Arabs and Muslims. At that time Arabs and Muslims were the majority there.

After World War I, the Turkish Ottoman Empire virtually collapsed. The League of Nations, then formed, gave Britain a "mandate" to govern Palestine.

During World War I, Britain made various promises to both Arabs and Jews about Palestine. But none of these promises have been kept by Britain.

The whole of the Middle East was then practically divided between Britain and France. These two great powers divide the whole region into their own spheres of influence.

In Palestine, the conflict between Arab nationalists and Zionists began. Jewish and Arab militia groups are at war with each other.

A group of Arabs captured by the British in the ancient part of Jerusalem. After the fall of the Ottoman Empire, Palestine came under British rule.

A group of Arabs captured by the British in the ancient part of Jerusalem. After the fall of the Ottoman Empire, Palestine came under British rule.

Meanwhile, the way in which millions of Jews were killed in World War II (the Holocaust) increased the pressure to establish a separate state for Jews.

It was then decided to divide the territory under the British mandate between the Palestinians and the Jews. On the basis of this decision, Israel was established on May 14, 1948.

But the next day, Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Iraq launched joint operations in areas under British mandate. That was the first Arab-Israeli war. To the Jews it was known as the War of Independence.

The territory allocated by the United Nations to establish a separate state for the Arabs in Palestine, half of which went to Israel or the Jews after the war.

From there the national catastrophe of Palestine began. This is what they call 'Nakba' or disaster. About 7.5 million Palestinians have fled to neighboring countries. The Jewish forces evicted them from their homes.

But it was only the first war between the Arabs and the Israelis. One of them is just the beginning of a long-term conflict.

In the 2014 war in Gaza, Israel bombed Palestinian homes and razed them to the ground. More than two thousand people were killed in that war.

In the 2014 Gaza war, Israel bombed Palestinian homes and razed them to the ground. More than two thousand people were killed in that war.

When the crisis over the Suez Canal erupted in 1958, Israel took a stand against Egypt. But in the face of international pressure, Britain, Israel and France have had to retreat. As a result, nothing was resolved on the battlefield in that crisis.

Then came the 1966 six-day Arab-Israeli war. What happened in this war from June 5 to June 10 had far-reaching effects.

Israel won this war by a huge margin. They occupied Gaza and the Sinai Peninsula, which had been under Egyptian control since 1948. On the other hand, they also occupied the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, from Jordan. Occupying the Golan Heights from Syria. Another 500,000 Palestinians have been forced to flee their homes.

The next war in the history of the Arab-Israeli conflict is known as the 'Yom Kippur War'. The October 1963 war involved Egypt and Syria on one side and Israel on the other. Egypt regained some of their lost lands in the Sinai region in this war. However, Israel could not be removed from Gaza or the Golan Heights.

But six years after this war, that historic treaty happened. Egypt is the first Arab state to sign a peace treaty with Israel. Then Jordan followed in their footsteps.

But that is not the end of Israel's war with the Palestinians. The Gaza Strip, which had been occupied by Israel for decades, was returned to the Palestinians in 1994. There were major clashes between Israelis and Palestinians in 2008, 2009, 2012 and 2014.

2. Why was Israel established in the Middle East?

The Jews believe that the holy land promised to the biblical ancestor Abraham and his descendants is where modern-day Israel is established. The conflict over this land has been going on since ancient times. Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Macedonians and Romans campaigned there, engaged in conflict. The Romans created a province there called 'Judea'Did.

However, the Jews of this 'Judea' province have revolted several times. During the reign of the Roman emperor Hadrian, a great nationalist Jewish revolt broke out in 135 AD. He suppresses her. He then annexed Syria under Judea and the Romans, creating a new province called Syria-Palestine.

As a result of these wars, the number of Jews there was drastically reduced. Jews were massacred there. Many are exiled. Many were sold into slavery to the Jews.

A group of Jews pray at the 'Western Wall' in Ottoman-ruled Palestine. Photo taken on July 1, 1910.

A group of Jews pray at the 'Western Wall' in Ottoman-ruled Palestine. Photo taken on July 1, 1910.

When Islam emerged in the eighth century, Palestine was conquered by the Arabs. Then, of course, European crusaders campaigned there. In 1517, Turkish rule began in this area. From then until the First World War, they ruled the region continuously.

After the end of World War I, the League of Nations handed over Palestine to the British. British rule there lasted till 1947.

Millions of Jews fell victim to the Holocaust in Europe during World War II. International pressure then mounted for the establishment and recognition of a Jewish state.

But the British could not resolve the dispute between the Arabs and the Jews. They took the matter to the United Nations. The UN set up a special commission to review the whole matter.

On November 29, 1948, the UN General Assembly approved a plan to partition Palestine. The plan called for the establishment of an Arab and a Jewish state and a special strategy for the city of Jerusalem.

The plan was accepted by Israel, but rejected by the Arabs. The plan was seen by the Arabs as a conspiracy to seize their land.

But just a day before the end of the British mandate on Palestine, the Jews declared the independence of Israel.

Israel was established on May 14, 1948. First Prime Minister Ben Gurion is making an official announcement.

Israel was established on May 14, 1948. First Prime Minister Ben Gurion is making an official announcement.

The next day, Israel applied for membership in the United Nations, which was accepted a year later. The United Nations has recognized 160 of the 192 countries of Israel.

3. Why are the Palestinians divided into two separate territories?

In 1948, the UN Special Committee on Palestine recommended that an Arab state include "the western Galilee, Samaria and the Judea Mountains, but not the city of Jerusalem and the coastal plains of Isidud as far as the Egyptian border."

But the division of today's Palestinian territory is largely determined along the lines of the 1949 ceasefire after the first Arab-Israeli war.

The West Bank (5,960 sq km) and the Gaza Strip (365 sq km) are the two main Palestinian areas. The distance between the two nearest areas of the two Palestinian territories is about 40 kilometers.

The West Bank is called by this name because it is on the west bank of the Jordan River and the Dead Sea. Its spread as far as Jerusalem. The city of Jerusalem is claimed by both Palestinians and Israelis as their capital.

The West Bank is controlled by the Palestinian National Authority. It is an internationally recognized Palestinian government. The secular Palestinian party Fatah is the main force or party of this Palestinian national authority.

Israel has a 51-kilometer border with Gaza. Gaza also has a 6 km border with Egypt. Gaza is on the other side of the 40 km long Mediterranean coast.

Hamas now controls Gaza. Hamas is the largest Islamist group among Palestinians. Hamas does not recognize the agreements that other Palestinian groups have made with Israel.

4. Have the Israelis and Palestinians ever made a peace treaty?

When millions of Palestinians were evicted after the establishment of the state of Israel, the Palestinian nationalist movement began to take root in the West Bank and Gaza. There, the Palestinians began to struggle in different groups. Egypt controlled Gaza. And the West Bank was under Jordanian control. Palestinian refugee camps are also being set up in some other Arab countries.

Shortly before the start of the 1968 war, Palestinian groups formed the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). The largest group was the Palestinian group Fatah. After the PLO was formed, its forces began attacking Israel. At first they attacked from Jordan. Then from Lebanon.

In 1993, the Oslo Peace Accords were signed between Israelis and Palestinians. This was the first peace agreement between the two sides.

In 1993, the Oslo Peace Accords were signed between Israelis and Palestinians. This was the first peace agreement between the two sides.

The Palestinians carried out the attack targeting various Israeli targets. Europe also had some targets. Israeli athletes have been attacked, from planes and embassies.

The Palestinians were attacking one Israeli target after another. And Israel was again targeting the Palestinians. This 'war' between the two sides has been going on for many years.

Then in 1993 the PLO and Israel a sha Nti signs the contract. This is known as the Oslo Peace Accords. The PLO acknowledges the existence of Israel and pledges peace, avoiding the path of violence and terrorism. However, Hamas has never complied with the agreement.

Under the agreement, Israel pledges to end its occupation of Palestinian territory. Promises to move away from there in stages. But Israel has never fulfilled that promise. They rather build Jewish settlements in the occupied areas.

It was under this Israeli-Palestinian peace agreement that the 'Palestinian National Authority' was formed. It is an internationally recognized Palestinian government.

Was elected its president by direct vote. The president-elect later appointed prime ministers and ministers.

Although Jerusalem is one of the sources of conflict between the Israelis and the Palestinians, the issue of Jerusalem was not included in the Oslo Peace Accords.

On September 30, 2015, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas declared at the 70th session of the UN General Assembly that they were no longer obliged to abide by the peace agreement because Israel had not complied with it. He added that as an occupying power, Israel would now be responsible for everything.

5. What are the main points of contention between the Palestinians and the Israelis?

Delays in establishing an independent Palestinian state, continued construction of Jewish settlements in the West Bank, and the construction of a security wall between the Palestinian and Jewish areas have further complicated the peace process. However, the International Court of Justice in The Hague has declared the construction of Jewish settlements in the West Bank illegal.

But these are not the only obstacles to peace between the two sides. When Bill Clinton was president of the United States, the peace talks he initiated at Camp David in 2000 revealed many more reasons for its failure. The then Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak and the Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat could not agree on many other issues at that meeting.

Disagreements:

Jerusalem: Israel claims sovereign rights over Jerusalem. In the 1967 war, they captured East Jerusalem. From then on, they considered Jerusalem as their capital. But it has no international recognition. The Palestinians, on the other hand, want East Jerusalem as their capital.

Disputes over borders and territories: Palestinians want a Palestinian state based on the borders that existed before the 1967 Arab-Israeli war. Israel refuses to accept it.

Jewish settlements: Israel has established many Jewish settlements in the Palestinian territories occupied by Israel during the 1967 war. These settlements are illegal under international law. The West Bank and East Jerusalem alone are now home to more than half a million Jews.

Palestinian refugees: Millions of Palestinians have fled their homes since the state of Israel was established. They have been demanding the right to return to their homes inside Israel. As for the PLO, these Palestinians and their descendants number about 16 million. But Israel does not want to recognize this right. Their fear is that if such a large number of Palestinians return to Israel, the Jewish character of their state will no longer be maintained.

. Is Palestine a country?

On November 29, 2012, a resolution was passed by a vote in the UN General Assembly. It gives Palestinians the status of a 'non-member observer state'.

As a result, Palestinians now have the opportunity to participate in the UN General Assembly debate. They can also take part in the work of UN agencies and institutions.

In 2011, however, Palestine sought UN recognition as a full member state. But that attempt failed because of objections from the UN Security Council.

But even without UN recognition, 80 percent of the member states of the world body have recognized Palestine as a state. (134 countries out of 192 in the General Assembly).

The hoisting of the Palestinian national flag outside the UN headquarters in September 2015 was also recognized.

. Why is the United States Israel's main ally? And who are the supporters of Palestine?

The United States has a very powerful lobby for Israel. Public opinion there is also in favor of Israel. As a result, it is difficult for any president in Israel to withdraw support from above.

In 2013, the BBC conducted a survey in 22 countries. According to the survey, the United States is the only country in the Western world where public opinion is sympathetic to Israel.

Not only that, these two countries are close military allies. Israel receives the most international aid from the United States. A large part of this aid is spent on buying military weapons for Israel.

Israeli and US flags on the ancient city wall of Jerusalem. The two countries have very close relations.

Israeli and US flags on the ancient city wall of Jerusalem. The two countries have very close relations.

Palestine, on the other hand, does not have a large force for open support.

The Palestinian group Hamas once had contacts with the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt. But after Egypt's military ousted Islamist President Mohamed Morsi, Hamas no longer has support.

The main sponsors of Hamas are now the Hezbollah group in Syria, Iran and Lebanon. Tolerance towards Palestine Many more countries in the emotional world. But this empathy turns out to be less.

The current unrest across the Middle East has also diverted the attention of the international community from the Palestinian issue.

. What is behind the latest round of violence in the Palestinian territories?

After a few days of relative peace, widespread violence has resumed in Gaza since May 14, 2016. At least 57 Palestinians were killed that day in Israeli attacks. More than three thousand were injured.

In the past six weeks, more than 100 Palestinian protesters have been shot and killed by Israeli troops. The Palestinians called their protest the "Great March to Return." That is the procession to return to their place.

May 14 was the 70th anniversary of the founding of the state of Israel. And the Palestinians celebrate that day as 'Nakba' or disaster. Because on that day, about seven million Palestinians had to flee their homes in Israel.

And on such a sensitive day, the United States was moving its embassy to Jerusalem. This angered the Palestinians.

Palestinians think East Jerusalem will be the capital of their future state. And by moving their embassies to the United States, they are supporting Israeli control of virtually the entire city.

9: So are we now seeing the beginning of another 'intifada'?

The Palestinians have previously staged two uprisings against Israel. The first was in the 1980s. The latter was shot in the early 2000's.

At the time of the first intifada in 1968, the Palestinians were virtually unarmed. Palestinian youths and teenagers throwing stones at the Israeli armed forces can be seen in many pictures.

The second intifada from 2000 to 2005 was much more bloody. Three thousand Palestinians were killed at that time. The Israelis also had to lose a thousand soldiers.

The recent protests in Gaza are seen as an expression of anger and frustration. Because the Palestinians are greatly disappointed in the absence of the peace process.

After the deaths of more than a hundred Palestinians, the question now arises as to whether the third intifada among the Palestinians has begun. Many believe it could spread from Gaza to the West Bank.

10. What will happen if there is lasting peace between the two sides?

From the Palestinian point of view, this is the first step in recognizing Israel as an independent Palestinian state. It will also include Hamas. The blockade on Gaza must be lifted. Restrictions on the movement of Palestinians in the West Bank and East Jerusalem must be lifted.

Israel, on the other hand, demands that all Palestinian groups must renounce violence and recognize Israel as a state.

Then there are disputes over borders and land. There are questions about the right of Jewish settlements and Palestinian refugees to return to Israel.

These issues will also need to be agreed upon between the two parties.

But the problem is that much has changed since the state of Israel was established in 1948. Conflicting areas have changed, especially after many wars between Arabs and Israelis.

Since Israel controls the occupied territories, they want to negotiate on that basis. But the Palestinians claim that their state will be based on the borders that existed before the 1967 war.

And there is a silent fight over the illegal settlements that Israel continues to build in the West Bank.

But the most complicated thing seems to be the symbolic importance of the city of Jerusalem.

The Palestinian Authority, which controls the West Bank, and Hamas, which controls Gaza, both want East Jerusalem to be the capital of their Palestinian state. However, Israel has occupied it since 1967.

Without resolving this dispute, a final solution may never be possible. There may be room for compromise in other disputes, but not in Jerusalem.

And it does not seem that the dying peace process can be revived.

Truth be told, reviewing recent history has shown that there has never been so little effort to resolve this old dispute.

Neither Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas nor Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu will make any concessions to reach an agreement - sources say.